DNA or RNA sequences {cloning vector}| can contain DNA or RNA from other sources and can replicate in host organisms. Vectors include plasmids, phages, retroviruses, cosmids, baculoviruses, bacterial artificial chromosomes, and yeast artificial chromosomes.
Cauliflower-Mosaic-Virus promoters {35S promoter} can be in soy, maize, and other genetically modified organisms.
Vectors {Bacterial Artificial Chromosome} (BAC) derived from F-factor plasmids can clone 100,000-base to 300,000-base DNA fragments in Escherichia coli.
Cloning-vector plasmids {cosmid} can contain lambda-phage cos gene, infect E. coli, and clone DNA fragments up to 45,000 bases between phage-end cos sites.
Bacteria can have 5000-base circular DNAs {plasmid}| that can insert up to 1000 bases. Cells can have 10 to 200 independently replicating plasmids {relaxed-control plasmid}. Plasmids {stringent-control plasmid} can replicate together with bacterial chromosomes. Artificial plasmids can be cloning vectors.
For yeast hosts, replicating nucleic acids can be artificial DNA with all yeast-chromosome functional regions {yeast artificial chromosome} (YAC). YAC replicates like yeast chromosomes.
parts
Yeast artificial chromosomes contain autonomously replicating sequence, centromere (CEN), and telomeres.
gene size
YAC can hold 100,000 bases. Several YACs can undergo homologous recombination to create complete genes from fragments.
Yeast artificial chromosomes contain sequences {autonomously replicating sequence} (ARS) for replication.
4-Genetics-Recombinant DNA-Cloning
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225